Increased stress, changes in weight and exercise, and other major lifestyle changes can affect menstrual cycles - and all of those changes are common during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two studies will focus on specific populations, including adolescents and people with endometriosis. Other studies will use established resources - such as large cohort studies and menstrual cycle tracking apps - to collect and analyze data from racially, ethnically, and geographically diverse populations. Several of these studies will use blood, tissue, and saliva samples collected before and after vaccination to analyze any immune or hormone changes. Researchers at Boston University, Harvard Medical School, Johns Hopkins University, Michigan State University, and Oregon Health and Science University will investigate whether such changes may be linked to the COVID-19 vaccine itself or if they are coincidental, the mechanism underlying any vaccine-related changes, and how long any changes last. NICHD recently awarded five institutions one-year supplemental grants totaling $1.67 million to explore potential links between COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual changes. “These results provide, for the first time, an opportunity to counsel women about what to expect from COVID-19 vaccination so they can plan accordingly.” Future research will assess whether the COVID-19 vaccine affects other aspects of the menstrual cycle, such as amount of bleeding and menstrual symptoms, such as pain or mood changes.
“It is reassuring that the study found only a small, temporary menstrual change in women,” said Diana W. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics states that changes in menstrual cycle length are considered normal if the change is less than eight days. A small group of people who received both vaccine doses in the same menstrual cycle had an average two-day increase in cycle length compared with unvaccinated people.įor the vaccinated group, changes went away in later menstrual cycles, indicating that the changes in cycle length are temporary. The study’s authors examined the menstrual cycles of more than 2,400 vaccinated people and more than 1,500 unvaccinated people. Vaccination was not associated with a change in the number of days of bleeding.
In a recently published study supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), researchers found that the length of the menstrual cycle - the time between periods - temporarily increased by an average of less than one day in people who received a dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, compared with unvaccinated people. The research found no association between vaccination and an increase in the number of days of bleeding. Researchers supported by NICHD have found that COVID-19 vaccination is associated with a small, temporary increase in menstrual cycle length.
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